Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Antiretroviral Therapy and Markers of Lymphatic Filariasis Infection: A Cross-sectional Study in Rural Northern Malawi.

Residual confounding or an unrecognised selection bias remains possible, but seems unlikely given the highly significant lower CFA prevalence with duration of ART therapy.

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When the ART treated group were further sub-divided by year since treatment started, there was a significant trend to decreased prevalence of CFA with increasing time on treatment; 25.3% no treatment (n = 265), 15.2% year 1 treatment (n = 59), 13.6% year 2 treatment (n = 44), 10.0% year 3 treatment (n = 30) and 0% year 4 treatment (n = 9), (p<0.01 χ 2 for linear trend).

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