Cognitive training with and without additional physical activity in healthy older adults: cognitive effects, neurobiological mechanisms, and prediction of training success.

Front Aging Neurosci · 2015 · PMC4602086 · PMID 26528177

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0600

closest p · 1.2× alpha

0.1100

boldest claim

The sentences

close to significancep = 0.06so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Again and comparable to the results from hypothesis 1, CPT improved all fitness parameters (all p = 0.00), but improvement in endurance only came close to significance in this comparison, mean diff = 10.14, p = 0.06, d = 0.43.

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approached significancep = 0.11not close (p > 0.1)

Post-hoc analyses indicated that solely CPT increased blood levels of BDNF, z = −2.54, p = 0.01, φ = −0.51, and blood levels of IGF-1 approached significance only in CPT, mean diff = 8.29, p = 0.11, d = 0.36.

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