Smoking and nasopharyngeal carcinoma mortality: a cohort study of 101,823 adults in Guangzhou, China.

All the adjusted HRs above were accounted for smoking-alcohol interaction Significant trends suggesting increased risk with daily smoking amount (p for trend = 0.01) and cumulative consumption (pack-years) (p for trend = 0.01) were observed in the adjusted HRs of Model 1, but the trend was of borderline significance for smoking duration (p for trend = 0.06) (Table 2 , Model 1).

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Among the two cohort studies conducted in low-risk areas, only the one from the US [ 18 ] reported a significant trend with daily smoking amount, but this study did not find a significant trend for smoking duration and did not report results on cumulative consumption.

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