Genetic Evidence for a Causal Role of Obesity in Diabetic Kidney Disease.

To assess whether our results were influenced by pleiotropy, we performed a sensitivity analysis using two subsets of the original genetic risk score: one excluding SNPs with nominally significant effects on other metabolic traits (HDL and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA of insulin resistance, HOMA of β-cell function, 2-h glucose, and type 2 diabetes risk) and one including only SNPs found within genes associated with monogenic obesity syndromes ( MC4R , POMC , BDNF , and SH2B1 ).

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