Variation in Rural African Gut Microbiota Is Strongly Correlated with Colonization by Entamoeba and Subsistence.

At the phylum level, we found a moderately significant difference in the relative contribution of Proteobacteria across subsistence (q = 0.067, Table 1 ; ANOVA), with hunter-gatherers having a higher frequency than the fishing population, farmers from the South and the North (23% versus 12.4%, 7.2% and 8.3%, respectively), mirroring the higher frequency observed in the Hadza hunter-gatherers compared to Italians [ 18 ] and the higher frequency observed in traditional Peruvian groups (both hunter-gatherers and farmers) compared to US individuals.

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