This can be seen in a variety of procedures: laparoscopic cholecystectomy [ 51 ], several conscious [ 99 , 100 ] and unconscious gynaecological procedures [ 50 ], several thoracoscopic procedures [ 16 ], gastric bypass [ 101 ], and a further study with Nissen fundoplication showed a beneficial trend but due to the low number of patients did not reach statistical significance [ 52 ].
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Humidification during laparoscopic surgery: overview of the clinical benefits of using humidified gas during laparoscopic surgery.
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