highly significantp < 0.001
There was a highly significant association between expertise and gender [ χ ( 2 ) 2 = 19.01, p < 0.001, Cramer's V = 0.154].
There was a highly significant association between expertise and gender [ χ ( 2 ) 2 = 19.01, p < 0.001, Cramer's V = 0.154].
Even so, differences in the distribution of singing participation between groups failed to reach statistical significance [ χ ( 2 ) 2 = 4.564, p = 0.102, Cramer's V = 0.077].