Effect of Schistosoma mansoni Infection on Innate and HIV-1-Specific T-Cell Immune Responses in HIV-1-Infected Ugandan Fisher Folk.

32 , 33 In this study, we observed a nonsignificant trend toward higher IL-10 production in whole blood cultures from HIV+SM+ versus HIV+SM−; however, no significant downmodulation of IFN-γ or TNF-α or IL-2 production by either CD4 or CD8 T cell was observed in HIV+SM+ versus HIV+SM− individuals.

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mansoni- coinfected individuals is more proinflammatory than in single HIV infection, although some regulatory effect might be exerted by IL-10, which showed a trend for increased responsiveness to various TLR ligands together with TNF-α and IFN-γ.

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