Treatment challenges for community oncologists treating postmenopausal women with endocrine-resistant, hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer.

Histone deacetylase inhibitors Entinostat is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that has been studied in a Phase II trial in combination with exemestane, which showed a trend for prolonged PFS versus exemestane alone in patients with HR-positive metastatic breast cancer progressing during NSAI therapy (4.3 months vs 2.3 months; HR, 0.73; P =0.055); in an exploratory end point, patients receiving entinostat therapy showed improved median OS compared with those receiving exemestane alone (28.1 months vs 19.8 months; P =0.036). 37 A Phase III trial of entinostat plus exemestane in patients with recurrent HR-positive advanced breast cancer who have relapsed or have progressive disease on prior NSAI therapy is under way ( NCT02115282 ).

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