Anti-TNF non-responders showed a trend towards having a higher frequency of circulating Th17 cells at baseline compared to good responders, both by Elispot (EULAR non-responders vs good responders median (range) spSFC/10 6 , 538 (280–725) vs 405 (310–540), p value not significant) and FACS (EULAR non-responders vs good responders median (range) %, 0.9 (0.7–1.2) vs 0.7 (0.48–0.9), p value not significant).
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Increase in circulating Th17 cells during anti-TNF therapy is associated with ultrasonographic improvement of synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis.
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