Oral treatment with Lactobacillus rhamnosus attenuates behavioural deficits and immune changes in chronic social stress.

The immunomodulatory effects of JB-1 were not limited to adaptive immunity, as treatment also prevented the stress-induced increase in spleen-derived dendritic cells (MHCII+ CD11c+) expressing markers of activation, CD80 (stress exposure × treatment interaction [ F 1, 15 = 8.224, p = 0.012, post hoc, p < 0.05]) and CD86, though the latter did not reach statistical significance (Fig. 3b, c ).

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