Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase rapidly suppresses multiple pro-inflammatory pathways in adipocytes including IL-1 receptor-associated kinase-4 phosphorylation.

Basal STAT3 phosphorylation was also significantly increased in subcutaneous adipose tissue, with JNK phosphorylation approaching significance (p = 0.054) ( Fig. 8 ). 4 Discussion The principal findings of the study are that AMPK activation in adipocytes inhibits multiple pro-inflammatory signalling pathways, including IL-1β-stimulated phosphorylation and activation of MKK4/JNK and IKK/IκB/NFκB pathways, TNF-α-stimulated IKK/IκB/NFκB and IL-6 trans-signalling-stimulated JAK-STAT3 signalling.

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