Nevertheless, the unavoidable problem of children with longitudinal growth caused gradual retraction of the atrial catheter and serious side effects such as thromboembolic events, pulmonal hypertension, shunt nephritis and sepsis, which led to a negative trend [ 17 – 19 ].
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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting and ventriculocisternostomy (ETV) in 400 pediatric patients. Shifts in understanding, diagnostics, case-mix, and surgical management during half a century.
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