The Absence of Atrial Contraction as a Predictor of Permanent Pacemaker Implantation after Maze Procedure with Cryoablation.

There were no significant differences in the baseline factors between the PPM and non-PPM groups, although the PPM group showed a trend for a longer preoperative AF duration (p=0.102), a higher proportion of females (p=0.199), and a higher frequency of multi-valve (p=0.148) or TV surgery (p=0.069).

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