Early Executive Function at Age Two Predicts Emergent Mathematics and Literacy at Age Five.

Front Psychol · 2017 · PMC5643463 · PMID 29075209

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0760

closest p · 1.5× alpha

0.0760

boldest claim

The sentences

approached significancep = 0.076so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

However, the result of a chi-square difference test showed that the difference in fit of the two models approached significance, but did not surpass the 0.05 alpha level, Δχ 2 (1) = 3.14, p = 0.076.

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a trend toward significanceno p-value reported

Specifically, when we included a non-word repetition task, which required children to process, store, and reproduce non-words, the strength of the association between early EF and mathematics was not significantly different from the strength of the association between early EF and literacy, although a trend toward significance was observed.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.