Altered GNAS imprinting due to folic acid deficiency contributes to poor embryo development and may lead to neural tube defects.

The second germline DMR, the Nespas DMR, also showed a trend towards loss of imprinting during gametogenesis in both oocytes and spermatozoa (30.67 ± 1.54% in FD group vs. 35.00 ± 1.74% in controls for oocytes, P = 0.08; 2.71 ± 0.39% in FD groups vs. 5.28 ± 1.65%, in controls for spermatozoa, P = 0.08) (Figure 3 ).

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