Use of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors and risk of melanoma: a meta-analysis of observational studies.

Finally, the stratified analysis according to the stage of melanoma revealed that PDE5i use was associated with a significantly increased risk for in situ melanoma (two studies, 16 , 20 adjusted RR =1.31, 95% CI =1.01–1.69, P =0.04, I 2 =69%; Figure 4B ), showed a trend toward increased risk for localized melanoma (three studies, 16 , 20 adjusted RR =1.13, 95% CI =0.99–1.29, P =0.06, I 2 =23%; Figure 4B ), and showed a trend toward reduced risk for nonlocalized melanoma (three studies, 16 , 20 adjusted RR =0.79, 95% CI =0.62–1.01, P =0.06, I 2 =0%; Figure 4B ).

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