In response to OMVs, secreted IL-6 and IL-8 levels were lower in NOD1-silenced cells than in Scr-control cells; although for IL-8 the results did not reach statistical significance ( Figure 3B ).
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Outer Membrane Vesicles From Probiotic and Commensal <i>Escherichia coli</i> Activate NOD1-Mediated Immune Responses in Intestinal Epithelial Cells.
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