Anti-fibrotic effects of pirfenidone and rapamycin in primary IPF fibroblasts and human alveolar epithelial cells.

Moreover, when FN transcript was analyzed by RT-PCR, we found that pirfenidone and rapamycin combined treatment reduced the increased levels induced by TGF−β, although the difference did not reach statistical significance (Fig. 6d ), supporting the results obtained in the protein expression analysis.

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