Combined effect of silica dust exposure and cigarette smoking on total and cause-specific mortality in iron miners: a cohort study.

Furthermore, we found a positive exposure-response relationship between categorical smoking and mortality from pneumoconiosis with a linear p -trend of 0.005, despite of the fact that the HR for each 1 pack-year increase in smoking did not reach statistical significance (HR 1.008, 0.999 to 1.017).

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