Central Nervous System Inflammation and Infection during Early, Nonaccelerated Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Rhesus Macaques.

CD4 + cell infiltration was increased in the meninges in four out of six SHIV-infected animals versus controls, although differences in the level of CD4 + cells in meninges between all six SIV-infected animals and six healthy controls did not reach statistical significance (6.3 ± 4.5 cells/40 HPF versus 1.6 ± 1.6 cells/40 HPF; P value of 0.1017) ( Fig. 6 ).

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