Furthermore, the number of ice days showed negative trends at all meteorological stations, but most of the entire eastern stations didn’t show a significant trend.
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Temporal and spatial variation of extreme temperatures in an agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China from 1960 to 2016.
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Overall, though the four extremal indices showed an increasing trend, the rate of change in the minimum temperature was greater than that of the maximum temperature; thus, the minimum temperature contributed most strongly to the overall temperature increases.
The agro-pastoral ecotone that we studied is a transitional zone between regions with a continental climate and regions with a monsoon climate, so climate change in this region is unstable, and the impact of land-use changes caused by human activities on regional temperature increases may be significant.
The smoothed data (red lines, based on the 10-year running average, with a sampling proportion = 0.18) for TN10 and TX10 showed a decreasing trend, with fluctuations, but with a predominantly upward trend after the 1990s (Fig. 1 ).