E2F3 promotes cancer growth and is overexpressed through copy number variation in human melanoma.

Introduction Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive malignant tumor in the skin, and there is a clear trend toward familial clustering. 1 Of all patients who die of skin tumors, approximately 80% have malignant melanoma. 2 In 2018, the number of new cases of malignant melanoma in the US was estimated to be 91,270, and the estimated death toll was 9,320. 3 The cell cycle includes four consecutive phases, from the stationary phase (G0 phase) to the proliferative phases (G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase, and M phase) and back to the stationary phase. 4 The key to developing malignant cells is the destruction of normal cell cycle progression, especially in G1 phase.

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