It has been shown that malaria pigment in the placenta is associated with the maturation of cord blood myeloid and plasmocytoid DCs (innate immune cells triggered by TLR7/8 agonists [ 11 , 30 ]), which may explain why cytokine responses to TLR7/8 stimulation were significantly enhanced in past PM (as well as in chronic PM, although with modest significance possibly due to the smaller sample size) compared to the other PME categories.
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Modulation of innate immune responses at birth by prenatal malaria exposure and association with malaria risk during the first year of life.
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