The annual, temporal and spatial pattern of Setaria tundra outbreaks in Finnish reindeer: a mechanistic transmission model approach.

In southern (Kuusamo) and central (Sodankylä) Lapland, our model predicted an increasing trend from 1979 to 2015 for both the duration of the effective transmission period of S. tundra ( P < 0.001) and for the potential number of L3 S. tundra larvae being transmitted from an infectious reindeer ( P < 0.001).

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Furthermore, the model detected a positive trend in the duration of the annual transmission period and potential number of worm transmitted in the southern and central regions, which corresponded very well to slaughterhouse findings.

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tundra infection The mean proportion of liver condemnation in reindeer across all cooperatives for the period 2004–2015 showed a trend of more frequent condemnation at late slaughter dates (Fig. 1 ).

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