Early adolescent outcomes of joint developmental trajectories of problem behavior and IQ in childhood.

(3) A class comprising children with positive and highly significant slope values for both problem domains ( p values < 0.01), suggesting steadily increasing internalizing and externalizing problem scores during the 8-year study period (‘ deteriorators ’).

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The IQ of their female counterparts was also low at baseline (intercept = 91.79, p < 0.001), yet the mean slope value did not reach statistical significance (slope = 0.54, p > 0.05), suggesting that females’ IQ scores remained stable in this group.

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