In a regression analysis adjusted for sex, age group, survey, and educational level, having any respiratory symptom was significantly associated with dual use (OR, 4.03; 95% CI, 3.23-5.02), smoking only (OR, 2.55; 95% CI, 2.36-2.77), and former smoking without e-cigarette use (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.19-1.36), while former smoking with e-cigarette use (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 0.91-2.37) and nonsmoking with e-cigarette use (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 0.93-2.29) did not reach statistical significance ( Table 3 ).
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Association of Electronic Cigarette Use With Smoking Habits, Demographic Factors, and Respiratory Symptoms.
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