Low Zinc, Copper, and Manganese Intake is Associated with Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in the Japanese Working Population: Findings from the Eating Habit and Well-Being Study.

When further adjustments were made in Model 3 for medications for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes, OR for copper intake remained significant, but those for zinc and manganese intakes were slightly reduced and showed marginal significance (Model 3: zinc: OR, 1.66, 95% CI, 0.89–3.09; copper: OR, 2.35, 95% CI, 1.20–4.62; manganese: OR, 1.98, 95% CI, 0.93–4.24).

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When the analyses were stratified by sex ( Supplemental Tables S1 and S2 ), the results were not substantially changed, although some results did not reach statistical significance, and the ORs were higher in women than in men in Model 1.

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