Nevertheless, it induces a quite significant red shift (∼40 nm), most likely because thanks to the substituent, it has access to resonance structures with enhanced electron delocalization, similar to MMAR. 21 , 57 However, the rate and extent of photoisomerization are strongly reduced, and proton transfer is slowed down.
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Photoreaction Dynamics of Red-Shifting Retinal Analogues Reconstituted in Proteorhodopsin.
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