approaching significancep = .097
The same analysis conducted for the no markers group found no significant effect of word type, though this was approaching significance (model fit improvement over the model containing random effects: χ 2 (1) = 2.755, p = .097, difference estimate = −.387, SE = .233, z = −1.658, p = .097, power = .41, 95% CI [.34, .48], with better learning for nouns ( M = .710, SE = .044) than verbs ( M = .634, SE = .052).