Association of select vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms with the risk of tobacco-related cancers - a meta-analysis.

Furthermore, because cancers are multifactorial diseases, it has been suggested that other factors such as exposure to other carcinogens (e.g., asbestos), poor diet, past lung diseases (e.g., tuberculosis, chronic bronchitis) and genetic factors may be significant in the development of lung cancer 11 – 13 .

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In “B” allele carriers in the BsmI genotype and “A” allele in the ApaI genotype, we observed a tendency, but the results did not reach statistical significance.

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