Female fetal growth was also entirely unaffected by LPS treatment (two-tailed t test, p = 0.9662), while growth of the male fetus showed a trend toward decreased fetal body weight after LPS treatment ( Fig. 1 F ; two-tailed t test, p = 0.0818).
2 A ) and that there was an overall trend for cytokine abundance to be higher in male placenta relative to female placenta ( Fig. 2 B–E ).
Females showed a slightly lower baseline of proliferation and a nonsignificant trend toward reduction with LPS.
In this previous work, we evaluated numerous neuronal subtype markers and found that many cell types were unaffected by MIA with the exception of a highly significant depletion of the population of Satb2 + corticocortical projection neurons throughout the anterior cortex and a parallel depletion of PV-expressing interneurons, a large population of fast-spiking inhibitory neurons operating within local circuits that engage Satb2 + projection neurons ( Table 1 ).