EMA and EFSA Joint Scientific Opinion on measures to reduce the need to use antimicrobial agents in animal husbandry in the European Union, and the resulting impacts on food safety (RONAFA).

EFSA J · 2017 · PMC7010070 · PMID 32625259

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0900

closest p · 1.8× alpha

0.0900

boldest claim

The sentences

showed a trendp = 0.09so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

plantarum in the ileum and colon and in the total lactobacilli in the colon and showed a trend to reduce incidence of diarrhoea (p = 0.09).

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

Examination of data on the sales of fluoroquinolones across the EU suggests an increasing trend since 2011 (see Figure 2 ) (EMA ESVAC, 2016 ).

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

For Salmonella spp., 3rd‐generation cephalosporin resistance trends have shown different regional patterns, but overall, a decreasing trend has been apparent.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.