<i>In-Situ</i> Helium Implantation and TEM Investigation of Radiation Tolerance to Helium Bubble Damage in Equiaxed Nanocrystalline Tungsten and Ultrafine Tungsten-TiC Alloy.

The testing of severe plastically deformed (SPD) nanocrystalline and ultrafine tungsten, where both elongated ultrafine (˂500 nm) and nanocrystalline (˂100 nm) grains coexist under low energy He + implantation and high temperatures (1223 K), showed a trend in both damage and He bubble formation as a function of grain size [ 15 ].

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