External rewards and positive stimuli promote different cognitive control engagement strategies in children.

Dev Cogn Neurosci · 2020 · PMC7327410 · PMID 32716851

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0520

closest p · 1.0× alpha

0.0520

boldest claim

The sentences

showed a trendp = 0.052so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Although proactive cue preparation with positive stimuli was significant in younger children and adults only, older children showed a trend ( p = 0.052) in the same direction, suggesting this age difference in the effect of positive stimuli needs to be interpreted with caution.

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fell short of significancep = 0.052so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

In the positive-stimulus condition, greater amplitude for proactive-possible than proactive-impossible blocks was significant in younger children, F (1, 19) = 5.079, p = .036, η p 2 = .211, and fell short of significance in older children, F (1, 23) = 4.192, p = 0.052, η p 2 = .154.

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