For the female 45–64 and 65–74 age groups the increasing trend was borderline significant (z‐values of 1.78 and 1.93, respectively, where z > 1.96 indicates significance at the 0.05 alpha level, Table 20 ).
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<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> contamination of ready-to-eat foods and the risk for human health in the EU.
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Since most RTE foods of concern for listeriosis are commonly contaminated post‐processing, the non‐thermal inactivation is an important trend that needs to be quantified in order to estimate the likely dose reaching the consumer in the context of QMRA.
The inclusion of all the latter model characteristics reduces the possibility to detect a possible trend.
Time series analysis for the 2008–2015 period in the EU/EEA indicated an increasing trend of the monthly notified incidence rate of confirmed human invasive listeriosis of the over 75 age groups and female age group between 25 and 44 years old (probably related to pregnancies).