Using genetics to examine the overall and sex-specific associations of branch-chain amino acids and the valine metabolite, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate, with ischemic heart disease and diabetes: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

34 The statistical testing for the sex disparity in the association of BCAAs with diabetes was at a marginal significance; we cannot exclude the possibility that it is due to a lack of power to detect the sex difference.

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Genetically predicted BCAAs were associated with a higher risk of diabetes in men but not in women, but the sex difference did not reach statistical significance (p value for sex difference=0.15) ( Figure 2 ).

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