Increased malaria parasitaemia among adults living with HIV who have discontinued cotrimoxazole prophylaxis in Kitgum district, Uganda.

Compared to those on CTX prophylaxis, the prevalence of parasitaemia was higher in participants that had been off CTX prophylaxis for 3–5 months but this did not reach statistical significance (adjusted risk ratio [aPR] = 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.37–7.29, p = 0.51), however, those off prophylaxis for at least 6 months had a much higher prevalence of parasitaemia (aPR = 6.06 95% CI 1.34–27.3, p = 0.02).

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