Lifetime Duration of Exposure to Biomechanical Factors at Work as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Socioeconomic Position and Walking Speed.

Mean walking speed was higher in higher SEP strata, with a significant trend with increasing SEP in both sexes (test for trend: p < 0.001 for both sexes), although differences were quite small ( Table 2 ).

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The mediation analysis revealed among women a significant indirect effect for exposure to physical effort for both SEP categories (middle SEP: NIE = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.03; low SEP: NIE = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.04) and repetitive work for the low SEP category (NIE = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.04), whereas the other results were only of borderline significance.

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The results obtained from the mediation analysis ( Table 5 ) showed a significant mediating effect only for physical effort for the middle SEP category (NIE 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.03), whereas for the lowest SEP, a significant mediating effect was observed for exposure to intense physical effort (NIE 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02–1.07) and lifting/carrying heavy loads (NIE 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.05), whereas for repetitive movements, it was only borderline significant (NIE 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00–1.03).

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