Prior failures, laboring in vain, and knowing when to give up: Incremental versus entity theories.

When we conducted a simple comparison analysis between leading problem difficulty and TOI, we found that for the incremental group, although the data did not reach statistical significance, the expected numerical pattern was obtained: Those in the incremental group were somewhat more likely to select the easy target item after having experienced difficult prior items ( df = 1 , F = 3.10 , p = .08).

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