Even if a participant had a purely prototype representation and a perfect prototype fit, the exemplar model would still predict behavioral responses (based on the similarity to category exemplars) reasonably well and definitely significantly better than chance.
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Tracking prototype and exemplar representations in the brain across learning.
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The only effect that included learning phase that approached significance was the three-way ROI x model x learning phase interaction, likely reflecting the more pronounced region x model differences later in learning ( Figure 5A vs.