showed a trendP = 0.020
R = 0.853, 95% CI: 0.750–0.969, P = 0.015), LYM (%) at admission (OR = 0.787, 95% CI: 0.686–0.903, P = 0.001), and lactate at admission (OR = 2.689, 95% CI: 1.044–6.926, P = 0.040) were independent risk factors for in-hospital death of COVID-19 pneumonia (Table 7 ). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed a trend toward poorer survival in COVID-19 patients with increased lactate levels and/or decreased LYM (%) upon admission ( P = 0.020 and P < 0.001, respectively) (Fig. 1 ).