Effects of Antibiotic Treatment and Probiotics on the Gut Microbiome of 40 Infants Delivered Before Term by Cesarean Section Analysed by Using 16S rRNA Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequencing.

At the phylum level, the gut microbiota of the 4 groups of premature infants showed a trend of decreasing Proteobacteria and increasing Firmicutes over time (days 1, 3, and 10), and Firmicutes were dominant at day 10 ( Figure 1 ).

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