approaching significancep = .056
More specifically, season ( β = 0.9485, Z = 3.166, p = .002), breeding status of the pack ( β = −2.0258, Z = −2.584, p = .010), and age group ( β = 1.1769, Z = 2.016, p = .044) exhibited significant effects, with standardized H O approaching significance ( β = −0.8434, Z = −1.911, p = .056; Table 1 ).