White matter microstructure relates to motor outcomes in myotonic dystrophy type 1 independently of disease duration and genetic burden.

Moreover, mediation analysis in which the direction of causation in the model is reversed, i.e., to explore whether motor deficits mediate between disease duration and cerebral WM FA, we find only weak evidence of this mediation effect (δ = − 0.0003, CI 95% = − 0.0007 to 0, p = 0.06), while the direct path between disease duration and cerebral WM FA remains highly significant (ζ = − 0.0014, CI 95% = − 0.0022 to 0, p ~ 0).

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3 B, β = 246, CI 95% = 85.8–406, t (39.00) = 3.01, p = 0.00455, p FDR = 0.123, R 2 = 0.173) that approached significance, and a negative relationship between peg board performance and cerebral WM FA (Fig. 3 C, β = − 377, CI 95% = − 741 to − 13.4, t (38.36) = − 2.03, p = 0.0491, p FDR = 0.663, R 2 = 0.0859), see Fig. 3 for these specific models and Figs. 4 and 5 as well as Supplementary Data for complete results.

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