a clear trendP = 0.058
After correcting for age, sex, pack-years, and smoking status by ANCOVA analysis, small airway DUOX1 scoring revealed a clear trend towards significance ( P = 0.058) between GOLD IV patients (mean ± SEM: 1.582 ± 0.210) and controls (mean ± SEM: 2.487 ± 0.262).