For pterin metabolism genes, we found an apparent trend for expression differences in GCHFR , SPR , AKR1A1 , DHFR , PCBD1 and QDPR ( S3A Fig , S4 Table ).
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Molecular parallelisms between pigmentation in the avian iris and the integument of ectothermic vertebrates.
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In genes linked to chromatophore differentiation, minor differences were found for PAX3 , PAX7 , SOX5 , MITF and CSF1R , all exhibiting a slight trend of up-regulation in wild-type iris ( S3B Fig , S4 Table ).
Nearly all these genes showed a trend for up-regulation in wild-type iris, with the exception of GCHFR , which is a negative regulator of GCH1 (which in turn codes for the rate-limiting enzyme of the pterin synthesis pathway).