The link between COVID-19 and VItamin D (VIVID): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

In our primary analysis, there was a positive trend between serum 25(OH)D level <20 ng/ml and an increased risk of mortality, ICU admission, invasive ventilation, non-invasive ventilation or SARS-CoV-2 positivity.

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Pooling data from the remaining two studies [ 38 , 43 ], showed a trend for an increase in invasive ventilation requirement in patients with 25(OH)D levels <20 ng/ml (RR = 1.3, 95% CI [0.6–2.8]; I 2 = 0%) ( Fig. 2 .C).

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