Recurrent Use of VV ECMO in Refractory Hypoxemia After Penetrating Lung Injury and Multifocal Pneumonia in a Single Individual's ICU Stay.

10 The subsequent Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe Acute respiratory distress syndrome trial also demonstrated a 35% mortality rate for VV ECMO compared with 46% with conventional treatment; this trial, however, did not reach statistical significance. 11 Of note, 28% of the patients in the conventional arm crossed over to the ECMO treatment arm, leading the authors to conclude that earlier application of ECMO may have resulted in a statistically significant improvement and survival benefit.

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