Examining the development of PTSD symptoms in individuals who witness acute stress reaction on the battlefield.

Adler et al suggests that the significant association between ASR and PTSD in the previously deployed sample, and marginal significance in the currently deployed sample, could be related to ‘anticipatory anxiety’ for the upcoming deployment that may elicit memories of witnessing an ASR in previous combat and reinforce PTSD symptoms.

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In adjusted analysis, reporting high frequency of witnessing an ASR was associated with PTSD/subthreshold PTSD in the previously deployed sample (odds ratio 8.7, 95% CI 2.3–42.6) and approached significance in the currently deployed sample (odds ratio 1.7, 95% CI 0.9–2.8).

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